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GLP-1s and Addiction The authors of GLP-1 Therapeutics and Their Emerging Role in Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders: An Endocrinology Primer , appearing in October 2025 in JES, point out that the World Health Organization reported 890 million adults and 60 million children and adolescents had obesity in 2022 globally
When retatrutide activates GLP-1 receptors in the brain, it reduces appetite and increases feelings of fullness
Stable isotope tracing, oxygen consumption, enzyme activity, mitochondrial respiration, and tissue imaging can clarify whether a metabolite change reflects altered production, utilization, transport, or clearance
Alcohol is a diuretic that increases urination and fluid loss, while GLP-1 medications often reduce appetite for water intake alongside food appetite suppression
